思科路由器重启时丢失配置如何检查与解决?在引导过程中,路由器可以绕过存储在非易失性RAM(NVRAM)中的启动配置。要检查是否出现此问题,请完成以下步骤:
在您的路由器启动后,请勿输入初始配置对话(请选择没有,当提示)。
--- System Configuration Dialog --- Would you like to enter the initial configuration dialog? [yes/no]: no
按Enter达到Router>提示。
键入enable (event),并且按Enter输入特权模式。
从Router-提示,类型显示开始并且按Enter。您的配置必须是在重新启动或断电前被保存的那个。如果发现配置不是相同的,很可能,路由器忽略了启动配置。进行第5步。
键入show version,按Enter,并且查看最后一行在出现的输出中。示例如下:
Router#show version Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software IOS (tm) 2500 Software (C2500-JS-L), Version 12.1(5), RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1) Copyright (c) 1986-2000 by cisco Systems, Inc. Compiled Wed 25-Oct-00 05:18 by cmong Image text-base: 0x03071DB0, data-base: 0x00001000 ROM: System Bootstrap, Version 5.2(8a), RELEASE SOFTWARE BOOTFLASH: 3000 Bootstrap Software (IGS-RXBOOT), Version 10.2(8a), RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1) Router uptime is 7 minutes System returned to ROM by reload System image file is "flash:c2500-js-l_121-5.bin" cisco 2500 (68030) processor (revision D) with 16384K/2048K bytes of memory. Processor board ID 03867477, with hardware revision 00000000 Bridging software. X.25 software, Version 3.0.0. SuperLAT software (copyright 1990 by Meridian Technology Corp). TN3270 Emulation software. 1 Token Ring/IEEE 802.5 interface(s) 2 Serial network interface(s) 32K bytes of non-volatile configuration memory. 16384K bytes of processor board System flash (Read ONLY) Configuration register is 0x2142
在本例中,配置寄存器显示0x2142。路由器绕过在NVRAM存储的启动配置在其启动顺序期间。在密码恢复流程期间,此功能通常使用。
此表解释配置寄存器位含义:
位号 | 十六进制 | 含义 |
---|---|---|
00-03 | 0x0000-0x000F | 启动域在系统引导提示0x0001的参数0x0000逗留引导在EPROM 0x0002-0x000F的系统镜像指定默认网络引导文件名。 |
06 | 0x0040 | 忽略NVRAM内容。 |
07 | 0x0080 | 被启用的OEM位排除在引导程序消息的详细资料。 |
08 | 0x0100 | 被禁用的中断。 |
10 | 0x0400 | 与所有零的IP广播。 |
11-12 | 0x0800-0x1000 | 控制台线路速度。 |
13 个 | 0x2000 | 引导程序默认ROM软件,如果网络引导程序发生故障。 |
14 | 0x4000 | IP广播没有净编号。 |
15 | 0x8000 | Enable (event)诊断消息和忽略NVRAM内容。 |
配置寄存器的默认设置是0x2102。这表明路由器应该尝试从闪存装载Cisco IOS软件镜像和装载启动配置。
解决方案
路由器绕过NVRAM中存储的启动配置最可能的原因是配置寄存器设置不正确。要更改配置寄存器,使路由器在重新启动或电源循环时不忽略或跳过启动配置,请完成以下步骤:
从Router-提示:
键入configure terminal,然后按Enter。
键入config-register 0x2102,并且按Enter。
键入end,然后按Enter键。
要验证配置寄存器更改,请键入show version在Router-提示,并且再查看您的show version命令的输出。寻找配置寄存器设置,必须显示新的值在下一次重新加载。示例如下:
Router#configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router(config)#config-register 0x2102 Router(config)#end Router#show version Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software IOS (tm) 2500 Software (C2500-JS-L), Version 12.1(5), RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1) Copyright (c) 1986-2000 by cisco Systems, Inc. Compiled Wed 25-Oct-00 05:18 by cmong Image text-base: 0x03071DB0, data-base: 0x00001000 ROM: System Bootstrap, Version 5.2(8a), RELEASE SOFTWARE BOOTFLASH: 3000 Bootstrap Software (IGS-RXBOOT), Version 10.2(8a), RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1) Router uptime is 11 minutes System returned to ROM by reload System image file is "flash:c2500-js-l_121-5.bin" cisco 2500 (68030) processor (revision D) with 16384K/2048K bytes of memory. Processor board ID 03867477, with hardware revision 00000000 Bridging software. X.25 software, Version 3.0.0. SuperLAT software (copyright 1990 by Meridian Technology Corp). TN3270 Emulation software. 1 Token Ring/IEEE 802.5 interface(s) 2 Serial network interface(s) 32K bytes of non-volatile configuration memory. 16384K bytes of processor board System flash (Read ONLY) Configuration register is 0x2142 (will be 0x2102 at next reload)
当思科路由器被重新载入时,新的配置寄存器设置变得激活。
Router#reload System configuration has been modified. Save? [yes/no]: n Proceed with reload? [confirm]
您的路由器用启动配置当前装载,并且配置寄存器设置为0x2102。您的配置在下一次重新加载或功率循环以后适当地装载。
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